Thursday, 13 September 2012

True Customer Focus in IT Service Management

More and more we are talking about Service Management in IT – but unfortunately in many cases we do so from far too narrow a perspective; from a perspective driven by an IT view of the world. We think we are looking through a window onto our customers’ experience, when we’re actually looking into a mirror i.e. we don’t see a true service view of what we offer, but rather a management view of ourselves.

Perhaps this is inevitable given the approaches that are prevalent in our industry. We like frameworks and structures; things like ITIL and COBIT get us excited. They give us a way to behave, a set of rules; they lean towards there being a ‘right answer’. They allow us to produce numbers for measurement and give us license to define processes. So we outline the Demand Process or the Risk Process (note the capitalisation!), and we document it and publish it – and then pat ourselves on the back for doing a good job.

But are we?

Essentially, Yes. We are doing a decent job; these are, at one level, the right things to be doing. Over time, they will bring benefit; we will become more effective and cost efficient. End of story…

Well, not quite. In part, the problem with this kind of approach is where it applies our focus: attention driven by theory, not by what is important. The expansion in the numbers of volumes for ITIL v3 vs. v2: more detail, more granularity, more process, more frameworks, more theory – and maybe less service. Our efforts – and again, they are laudable and correct on one level – are primarily driven by IT, and the metrics by which we want to measure ourselves. Isn’t it a noble desire to be able to say to our customers that we’ve increased first time fix rates or decreased defect rates by 0.2%? Yes – and No…

One of the problems we face is that many of the benefits that arise from frameworks like ITIL and COBIT (in addition to being seen as steeped in ‘IT-speak’) is that they can be difficult to articulate and take a long time to materialise. “This is IT ‘stuff’… You won’t understand it… It will be brilliant in a year’s time… Trust me…”. At some profound level, we could be ignoring the customer perspective.

But now you scream, “what about customer surveys?”, “what about satisfaction scores?”. Dare I suggest that here again, we’re actually only measuring a customer’s view of our service based on our rules, based on our perceptions as to how they should be seeing what we do. Fundamentally, we set the survey questions – so they can only score us based on the framework we provide them. Even though we have asked them for a response, we’re still only measuring what we want to measure. We believe X or Y or Z is a significant metric – but is that significant to us, or just that we believe it should be significant to them?! I’ve seen examples of major efforts having been made to improve answer rates on a service desk – only for a senior business user to declare that they weren’t bothered about that. Or hours spent producing detailed Service Level Agreements (SLAs) that never get read, let alone signed off, because they don’t actually mean anything to their intended audience! At some level, therefore, it doesn’t matter how good the numbers look – or how pretty the graph is – the output could be irrelevant.

On that basis, I suggest that we need a revised approach to the Customer in relation to IT Service Management. We should focus on what they want; consider how effective service provision is and how we articulate it in ways that are meaningful to them, not to IT.

Many of you might suggest that this is where you are already. Or that your current frameworks and processes are there already. That you know your customers; that they are happy with their monthly service report (and yes, they do read it!). But if you aren’t, or if you have a nagging suspicion that you could do better, then think on. And start by forgetting about ITIL, COBIT and all the processes you currently have in place..!

The customer view must be the starting point. Only by articulating IT service in a way the customer understands and can relate to can you truly discover what’s important – and more significantly, what you need to fix. The chances are that the components our customers will want to talk about will all be things that we are familiar with, and potentially already measure in some way or another. For example: performance, service levels, cost, quality, reliability, pace, delivery, risk... But the critical thing will be how they articulate that importance, and the relevance of the IT service to the core of what’s important to them.

Let’s take a branch-based, retail operation. From the IT perspective, we will most likely be measuring network uptime, perhaps some kind of performance measures around application response. We will be able to quote 99.985% network availability. Whilst relevant to IT in terms of the performance of our network provider, this measure is completely irrelevant to our customers. They will be more interested in the 0.015% downtime and the commercial implications of that: was it in opening hours? how much business was lost / impacted by it? what did the outage cost us? To make our service in this area effective – and the reporting of it more relevant – we need to both measure and know the context of the downtime, and have a means of articulating the business metric (not IT metric) associated with it.

Some of this will be hard to achieve, and for a number of reasons. Here are just three:

·          It forces a different dialogue with the business – and maybe the fact that it forces the dialogue in the first place!

·         It makes us understand the business more – and ensures that we use business language when talking about IT.

·         Getting to the business-relevant metrics will be much harder than it was their IT ‘equivalents’.

Once we have this base, then we have a solid context for the conversation about a 0.2% improvement in defect rates or first time fix rates. In some cases, the answer to what becomes essentially a business problem might still be a new IT process. Or it might be that some investment is needed. But at least in these cases you go armed with what you have seen through the window (i.e. the business cost) and not what is reflected in the mirror.

The only way to get to this improved understanding about what the IT service truly means is to sit down with the key operational people in your business – and to take a blank piece of paper into the meetings with you! There will need to be a series of sessions with all the key players in all the key areas of the business. At the end of it you will have lots of opinion, many perceptions, and hopefully some concrete things you can work with. When you map these back to what you are currently doing, the gaps – and there will be some! – will be revealed. Only then you can draft a plan of action to make your service offering, its components, and the reporting of it, biased towards what’s actually important to your customers.

The benefits are obvious:

·         you deliver a service the customer actually wants and can relate to

·         you measure service provision in a way that is meaningful to the customer (no more vacuous SLAs!)

·         you improve the things that bring greatest benefit to the customer

·         you have a better dialogue with the customer

·         and maybe you might find funding initiatives easier!

Yes, you still need ITIL, COBIT, process etc. – but you will have a more relevant business perspective against which to operate your framework. And you will know what really matters.

Finally, some words of caution…

·         Expectation. If you start down this road you will be setting expectations with your customers about how you will talk to them, what they see etc. Failing to see it through and deliver will not be an option.

·         Being radical. It could be that some of your most cherished metrics, reports and processes are no longer needed and you need to throw them away. It could be that, in order to deliver a service that is even more relevant to the business, you have to do things that are philosophically uncomfortable to you – for example, less rigorous change control to aid pace of delivery, or a conscious deviation from documented IT ‘standards’.

·         Organisational impact. You may find that there are some roles in your organisation that you simply don’t need any more – or some that need bolstering or expanding. Be prepared for that, because the more aligned you can get to your customers’ view of IT – them looking back through the window in your direction! – the more certainty there is that you will have to change the way you deliver and manage elements of your service.

 And lastly, in a world where IT is increasingly central but somehow more marginalised, if you don’t step up to the plate and be seen to add real, perceived business value, then your customers will find someone else who will.
 
-*-

Ian Gouge is widely experienced in business-driven Information Technology, culminating in significant achievements majoring on organisational and process change, and with a proven track record in turning around / re-engineering IT functions. He possesses in-depth experience of change, transformation, IT delivery, customer and supplier engagement, and broad International exposure. Also the author of management books on the topics of IT strategy and project management, the impact on IT of e-business, and the IT organisation.

This material is copyright of Ian Gouge © 2012. All rights reserved. Any similarity to actual IT or business organisations is entirely coincidental and unintentional.

Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited other than the following:

·         you may print or download to a local hard disk extracts for your personal and non-commercial use only;

·         you may copy the content to individual third parties for their personal and non-commercial use, but only if you acknowledge the author and blog as the source of the material.

You may not, except with express written permission from the author, distribute or commercially exploit the content. Nor may you transmit it or store it in any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system.

 

No comments:

Post a Comment